Calculating-machine.



110.7%,143. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. -H. CLARK. Q CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

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Inventor.

W itnesses.

No. 789,143. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905. W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

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W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

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Witnesses.

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PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. H. CLARK. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHEETSSHBET 4.

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Q VJW" Attorneys.

No. 789,143. PATENTEDMAY 9, 1905. W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Witness ,Ai Inventor.

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3 Attorneyu PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

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.No. 789,143. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHEETSSHEET 7.

E Inventor.

N0. 789,148. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905. W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHEETSSHEET 8,

A AttorneyJ.

PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIuTmN FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHBBTS-BHEET 9.

K" Attorneys.

No. 789,143. PATENTBD MAY 9, 1905.

W. H. CLARK.

GALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

' 16 SHEETS-SHEET l0.

Witnesses.

Inventor.

Attorneys No. 789,143. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905. W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHEB'lS SHEBT 11.

Inventor.

'4" Attorney:

No. 789L143. PATBNTED MAY 9, 1905. W H. CLARK. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION II LED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHEETS-SHEET l2.

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:46 ATTORNEYS WI TIIESSES No. 789,143. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 13.

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X I TTOIINEYS PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIQATION FILED NOV. 9, 1897.

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No. 789,143. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905. W. H. CLARK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV Q, 1897.

15 SHEETS-SHEBT 15.

UNITED STATES v Patented May 9, 1905.

PATENT OEEIcE.

WILLIAM H. CLARK, OF ROCHESTER, NE YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEIV JERSEY.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 789,143, dated May 9, 1905.

Application filed November 9, 1897. Serial No. 657,968.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. CLARK, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to calculating-machines; and it consists, substantially, in such improvements as will hereinafter be more particularly described.

The first part of my invention comprises a register or mechanism for indicating visually a numeric quantity contained in a column of figures to be added and also for indicating successive sums-total made up by the addition of two or more quantities. The said register or indicating mechanism includes a series ofmovable tally-pieces, (each representing a unit of value,) which series comprises an indicating-column of said tally-pieces and is operated to indicate by diminutions or lowerings of the column to an amount or value corresponding to the respective key values. The same series also includes devices for forming a column of movable tally-pieces operating by accumulation for resetting the first or registering column to Zero by adding thereto enough tally-pieces to restore its initial or maximum height and also comprises different series of movable tally-pieces, each series representing a different denomination operated by movement, diminution, or lowering of the indicating-column in each series to indicate numeric values of different denominations. Still further, the said registering or indicating mechanism comprises a series of indicating-columns of movable tally-pieces operating by movement, diminution, or lowering of the columns to indicate numeric values of different denominations, with carrying mechanism between the columns. The mechanism comprises still other features hereinafter described.

Each indicating-column of movable tallypieces is normally maintained at a height to indicate values which range from O to the number 9, inclusive, and in order to effect the indication of values equal to and exceeding ten carrying devices employed are actuated from the series of a lower denomination to move, diminish, or lower the indicatingcolumn of the next higher denomination to the extent of one tally-piece. As the movable tally-pieces are moved, diminished, or lowered in one indicating or registering column of a series they are accumulated to the same degree in another column by tall y-pieces complementary in number to the number of tally-pieces which indicate the amount in the indicating-column and are there held in the accumulating column until the number of pieces equals or exceeds the indicated denominational maximum, which of course is ten in a decimal system, whereupon by the operation of suitable devices ten tally-pieces, if the system is decimal, are delivered from the accumulating column to the indicating-column, restoring the indicating-column to zero, ready to be operated as before.

In this specification I set forth one way of operating the indicating-column by moving it bodily, and thus diminishing or lowering it. I can support these indicating and accumulating columns in different ways; but preferably I support them one above the other in an endless guideway, as hereinafter more particularly described, and in connection therewith I employ a suitablereservoir for containing the storage-supply of tally-pieces, which reservoir is common to both the said indicating and accumulating columns, all of which will more fully hereinafter appear when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a calculating-machine embodying my improvements the same being partly broken away and partly in section to more clearly indicate the construction and arrangement of the several parts. Fig. 2 is an end elevation taken from the right side of the machine. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view in detail to more clearly indicate the construction and operation of the pocket-wheels for the movable tally-pieces and the clutch mechanism which operates said wheels. Fig. at is a face view of one of the members of the clutch mechanism for the pocket-wheel, and Fig. 4 is an edge view of the two members or parts of the clutch mechanism. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional elevation taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of the movable keys or actuating devices, the setting mechanism, and the means which operate the actuating devices for the pocket-wheel. Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view showing the construction and relation between certain parts constituting the setting mechanism. Fig. 8 is an enlarged View in perspective of the double-acting locking-dog for engaging the plates of the setting mechanism whenever they are moved upward by the actuating-keys. Fig. 9 is a rear elevation of the entire machine, partly in section. Fig. 10 is an enlarged front view of the glass face-plate to indicate the manner in which some of the calculations are carried out. Fig. 11 is an enlarged sectional plan view taken on the line 11 11 of Fig. 1. Fig. 12 is an end elevation partly in section and showing more clearly the arrangement of the printing-plates and the mechanism for operating the same. Fig. 13 is an enlarged side elevation in detail of one embodiment of my invention for operating certain portions of the printing mechanism. Fig. 14 is a similar view representing the same parts in a different position. Fig. 15 is a similar view to Fig. 12 looking from the opposite direction and showing the operating-cam and the printing-ribbon and feed for the latter. Figs. 16 and 17 are respectively a detailed side view of the platen-operating bars and striker and a top plan view thereof. Fig. 18 is a front detail view of the movable platens and their supporting-frame, together with a portion of the type-plates, and the platen-operating bars in section. Fig. 19 is a plan view in detail to show the construction of the bars for lifting the movable platens. Fig. 20 is a sectional plan view of the machine to show the means for operating the platen operating bars. Fig. 21 is a top plan view of the printing mechanism broken off from the rest of the machine. Figs. 22 to 26, inclusive, are enlarged detail views of a modification of the mechanism for operating the swinging frame and the striker-frame for the platen-bars. Fig. 27 is a top plan view of the whole machine. Figs. 28 and 29 are detail views, enlarged, of the devices embodying the repeating mechanism of the indicating and printing mechanisms. Fig. 30 represents a detail perspective view of one of the main operatinggears, its series of plates, lateral pin, and springs. Fig. 31 represents a detail perspec tive view of the transfer-levers, sliding plugs, and cooperating parts; and Fig. 32 represents a detail perspective view of two of the operating-plates and their interposed washer.

In the accompanying d rawingsl have shown a preferred embodiment for carrying out the said first part of my invention and wherein A represents a c. sing inclosing the operating mechanism and A represents a suitable main frame by which the several operative devices of the machine are supported and which is provided with a frame (1., which holds or supports a face plate 7), preferably of glass, against the main frame A. Upon said main frame is a front plate a and a rear plate (Z, each of which is formed with a series of vertical channels, guides, or ways, (indicated at a and a, respectively,) and connecting the corresponding ways of each plate at the top is a curved or arched channel or way f, establishing communication between the said guideways a and a in an obvious manner. At the lower end the plates 0 and (Z are connected by a curved or concave plate (1, (see Fig. 5,) which serves to retain tally-pieces in the edge of the pocket-wheel hereinafter described, the said plate (1 constituting a track or way for the travel of the tally-piecesas they pass from the decumulating column. There are as many of these ways a a formed in the said plates 0 and (Z as there are denominations of movable tally-pieces B and operating key-banks therefor, and the ways a in the rear plate are what I term the storage or reservoir ways containing a proper supply of said movable tally-pieces. The guides or ways support the indicating and accumulating columns of movable tally-pieces, as will hereinafter appear, and when operating in the said ways the said movable tally-pieces move within and along the continuous and endless guidcways and the inner surface of the glass front plate 6. W hen running in the ways or guides (1 of the rear plate (Z, the movable tally-pieces are retained in said ways by a cover or plate which is secured to the rear plate (l in any suitable manner. Both the front and rear plates 0 and (Z and the curved plate 7t, (having in it the ways f,) connecting the two at the top, may be single plates having the guides or ways 0, a, and

feast in them, or they may each be made up of multiple sections joined together, as desired. The channels or ways just described constitute in each series an endless guideway for a denominational series of tally-pieces. Formed in the front plate a at the back of each guide or way 0 and at a point directly above the top of the tenth movable tally-piece B of an indicating-column X in each of said guides a is a transverse slot 71 (see Figs. l1, and 10,) through which normally projects a movable stop or shelf 2:, upon which an eleventh tally-piece is normally detained or supported, as indicated at B, and while this particulartally-piece B is moved from this position and is replaced by others from time to time either the said piece or its substitute constitutes a working tally-piece, through the medium of which certain operations are accomplished. Also formed in the front plate 0 at the back of each of the guides or ways 0 therein and corresponding to the height of the eleventh tall y-piece in a column X thereof, supported on said movable shelf i, is an opening It, (see Figs. 1 and 10,) in which works a sliding or reciprocating plug Z, which is normally in a retracted position within a guide m (see Fig. 5) therefor, but which on each operation of the mechanism is first carried into the guide or way 0 and then out again. Said reciprocating plugs Z are carried by arms Z) on main operating-plugs l", which latter reciprocate in sockets Z formed in the front plate 0, and the rear ends of said main plugs are guided in a similar manner in the rear plate (Z. (See Fig. 11.) The movable shelf e', above described, also normally projects into the way 6; but whenever in any denomination the indicated denominational maximum of ten has been reached or exceeded then the said movable shelf is withdrawn automatically and is again projected into the way. The purpose and operation of the said movable stop or shelf, together with the reciprocating plugs, will be described more fully hereinafter; but it may be stated here that each movable shelf 7; is set on the end of a short plug 71 which in turn is carried by a lug v of a main plug 71 working in guides 2' and in the front and rear plates 0 and (Z. After the shelves are withdrawn temporarily, as described hereinafter, they are again forced outward by means of spring-plates 71 secured to the back plate g and always pressing the main plug 2' forward.

Passing between the front and rear plates 0 and (Z at or near their lower edges is a shaft C, (see Figs. 3 and 5,) which is supported at each side of the main frame A in suitable bearings, and placed on said shaft in a position corresponding to or coinciding with the position of each of the said ways a and e in the front and rear platesc (Z isa pocket-wheel D, havingin or on its periphery a series of pockets 1), each capable of engaging and holding one of said tall y-pieces. The said wheel moves the tallypieces, as hereinafter explained, but is adapted to operate only in one direction. As will be explained, the edge of the pocket-wheel extends into the endless guideway formed by the system of channels or ways and constitutes a rotary device engaging the tally-pieces in series. Secured to the hub of each of the said pocket-wheels D by screws 0 (see Fig. 3) is one clutch member or portion 11, having ratchet-teeth 02/ in its periphery, and carried by a hub p, sliding longitudinally on the said pocket-wheel shaft C, is the other or driving member 9 of said clutch, provided with gearteeth q in its periphery, the two members having on their adjacent side faces a series of oppositely inclined or beveled teeth 0' and 1'. These beveled or inclined teeth of the two parts of the clutch are normally interlocked or engaged, and they are held in engagement with a yielding action by means of a coiled spring .9, surrounding the shaft G and exerting its pressure between the movable member 9 of the clutch and the next adjacent pocket-wheel, or, as shown in Fig. 3, the first clutch member 1 is held by the spring against its corresponding clutch member by pressure of the spring against the frame A. Neither the pocket-wheels nor the clutch members n have any longitudinal movement on the shaft C, but turn freely thereon whenever the clutch members are disengaged. In order to maintain the said pocket-wheels in proper relative positions on the shaft C, as well as to prevent longitudinal movement of these wheels on the shaft, 1 provide in each of the said pocketwheels a circumferential groove or channel D (see Fig. 3,) which leadsinward fromand is common to all the pockets D in the wheel, and into each of these grooves there extends a tongue u, projecting from the rear way-plate (Z, (see Figs. 5 and 9,) which both prevents longitudinal movement of its pocket-wheel on the shaft C and also prevents its wheel from carrying tally-pieces all the way around the wheel, but forces them to be carried up into the guides or ways 6, formed in the said rear plate (Z. The lower edge of the rear way-plate is cut out at 4; (see Fig. 9) on each side of each tongue a sufficient to permit the movement of the flanges w (see Figs. 3 and 9) of the wheel constituting the sides of the pockets in said wheel, and in this way the tall y-pieces as they are moved in the lower or indicating columns are compelled to pass up into the ways a in the said rear plate (Z, which ways a 1 denomiuate storage or reservoir ways because they contain the main body of a series of tallypieces B, which always fill said storage-ways, as shown in Fig. 5. As a number of tallypieces are thus forced up into the storage or reservoir ways from beneath a corresponding number of tally-pieces are forced through the connecting-ways f over and into the upper ends of the ways a of the front plate 0, and the tally-pieces B thus forced over drop down upon the tally-pieces B on the movable steps or shelves 7:, and thus form the accumulating column. from which tally-pieces are delivered from time to time to reset the indicating-column to Zero by restoring the maximum height of the indicating-column. The tally-pieces in the accumulating column are always coinplementary in number to the number of tallypieces which indicate the amount in the indieating-column, or if the top of the indicatingcolumnis below the reading-line, and thus the reading maximum of the column has been exceeded, the tally-pieces in the accumulating column are complementary in number to the tally-pieces by which the indicating-column IIO has been reduced. These operations are carried out as hereinafter more particularly described.

In order to disconnect or throw out of operation the clutch devices which operate the pocket-wheels D, I provide the shaft O at points between the adjacent ends of the hubs of the clutch members n and q with split collars m, which are set into the shaft, as shown in Fig. 3, and I form in an extended bearing a" for one end of the shaft a spiral groove y, in which enters a pin or lug e on the shaft 0. The ends of said groove or way terminate in sockets .2, which are in planes at right angles to the axis of the shaft and receive the lug or pin ,2 at either end of the groove y, and this limits the movement of the shaft C in either direction, as well as locks the shaft in either position to which it is turned. The end of the said shaft is provided with an operatinghandle C, and by turning the shaft in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3 the shaft is moved outward to the extent permitted by the way or groove y and pin .2, whereby the collars w on the shaft@ force the movable driving members q of the clutches out of engagement with the driven member a and also move the shaft for a short distance until the shaft is locked, as above described, and thus the said driving members q are free to rotate Without moving the driven members a of the clutches or the pocket-wheels D, which are fixed to said driven members or are integral therewith.

l/Vhenever the key mechanism of any denomination has been operated, as hereinafter described, the pocket-wheel D corresponding thereto may be moved to operate the indicating or registering column K (see Fig. 10) to the extent of a number of tally-pieces corresponding to the value expressed by said key. This of course is accomplished by reason of the driving member q of the clutch device being carried around freely in one direction a number of teeth corresponding to the value of the operated key mechanism and then on the return movement engaging the clutch member n, carried by the pocket-wheel, and thereby moving the said wheel, with the clutch device, as the latter is turned or carried back. It is understood that the distance between the lowest and highest part of the inclined teeth 1* and r on the clutch members corresponds exactly to the diameter both of the tally-pieces B and of the pockets D in the pocket-wheel.

In order to produce the proper movement of any indicating-column to the extent of one tally-piece, whenever the indicating-column of the next lower denomination has reached or exceeded the indication of its denominational maximum of ten I employ suitable carrying mechanism for operating the higher column, which I will now describe. On the hub of the driven member a of each clutch device I provide a movable or rocking arm (6 (see Figs. 2 and 3,) which is provided on its side with a pivoted pawl 7), which normally runs over the ratchet-teeth '22 on the periphery of said clutch member a when the pocket-wheel D is carried around forwardly in its movement. Also engaging the ratchetteeth n is a pawl 0 which prevents back movement of the clutch member 12/, and consequently of the pocket-wheel also. Thus it is seen that the driven clutch member is revo luble in one direction only, while the driving member is revoluble in both directions.

Extending across the machine at the top and arranged between the front and rear plates 0 and (Z thereof is a rod F, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) that is supported at the ends in the upper ends of swinging levers Gr G, which are pivoted at (Z to the side plates (1 and d" of the main frame A. The lower end of the lower arm H of each of the said swinging levers G and G is provided on its inner side with a friction-roll 0 which works in a cam-slotf", formed in an extension 1 of the main operating cam-wheels I I. The end of the shaft (J, above referred to, corresponding to the side at which the handle J is arranged passes through a horizontal slot if, cut in the lower arm H of the lever Ur, and in this way the said lever is permitted to swing back and forth on its pivot (Z without obstruction. The parts described are so arranged that when the main operating-handle J is carried forward the sides of the cam-slotsf bear against the friction-rollers c and thus move the lower arms of both of the levers (i Gr in a backward direction. At the same time the upper arms K of the said levers are carried forward, and the rod or shaft F is carried bodily therewith. On turning the operatinghandle J backward the operation is reversed and these parts are restored to their normal positions.

Pivoted to each of the sliding or reciprocating plugs Z at I" is a lever L, (see Figs. 5 and 31,) which at its upper end is forked at f to embrace the rod or shaft F. Each of these levers occupies a vertical position between two of the ways a. (See Figs. 1 and 11.) The levers L are normally in an inclined position between the front plate 0 and rear plate (Z, with the upper ends thereof extending in the direction of the plate (Z and the lower ends in the direction of the plate 0. There is one of said levers L for each of the ways (a, and the lower end of each lever plays between the lug 2', connected with the mechanism of the movable or sliding shelf '1 and the adjacent side of the front plate 0, as shown most clearly in Figs. 5 and 11 and 31. The lower end of each of said levers L is also in movable connection at L with the upper end of a rocking link L and the lower end of said link is in turn in movable connection at a with the rocking arm a of the set of clutch devices belonging to the adjacent way of the next higher denomination. The links L are supported on a rod L extending across the machine. Thus it will be seen that with each complete stroke of the main operating crank-h andle J the levers G G are swung on their pivots or fulcrums, and at the same time the said levers L are also swung or turned back and forth on their pivots L which normally constitute the working fulcrums for the levers. This movement occurs at each complete stroke of the handle J as long as there are no movable tally-pieces B in the path of movement of the sliding or reciprocating plugs Z, and at each such stroke these plugs are also moved in and out of their guides and into the ways 0. NOW whenever the column of tally-pieces on any one of the movable shelves 6 reaches a height equal to or extending above the path of movement of any one of the sliding plugs Zthe particular tally-piece in line with the plug is caught by the plug on its next forward stroke or movement, and said tall y-piece is thus pinched between the end of the plug and the adjacent side of the faceplate b. This results in preventing the lower end of the corresponding lever L from swinging on its fulcrum L but does not prevent the lever from turning on its central pivot Z", mounted on the part Z and which now becomes the working fulcrum for said lever. The effect 'now is that the lower end of the lever Lis carried inward on the forward stroke of the handle J, and the upper end of the link L is carried therewith, while at the same time the lower end of said link moves forward and carries with it the arm a on the hub of one of the clutch members of the next or higher denomination. This movement of said arm moves, diminishes, or lowers the next adjacent indicating-column of tally-pieces of higher denomination to the extent of one tally-piece by turning the pocket-wheel of the next higher denomination to the extent of one tooth, and hence one tally-piece in the column of the higher denomination is forced into the bottom of the rear way and another tally-piece drops from the highest portion of the same endless guideway upon the projecting plug Z of that way, and thus the carrying of the desired tally-piece is accomplished. It should be noticed that the indication of the added unit in the higher denomination is produced by the movement, diminution, or lowering of the indicating-column of said higher denomination. On the next backward or return motion of the operating-handle J the plug is withdrawn and this carried tally-piece drops down upon the tall y-piece B or upon the tall ypieces constituting the accumulating column already resting on the shelf 27, where it remains until released to be conveyed to the indicating-column below in the manner to be described. Simultaneously with this carrying operation all the tally-pieces of the first or lowest denomination which are below the pinched tally-piece B (see Figs. 5 and 10) of that denomination are by the withdrawal of the sliding shelf 1: by the movement of the lever L on its fulcrum Z" dropped from the accumulating-column X (see Fig. 10) in the particular way a belonging to said denomination and into that part of said way devoted to the indicating-column X. (See Fig. 10.)

Beside each of the ways a is a scale-plate O, (see Fig. 10,) having indicating-numerals arranged in consecutive order downward and beginning with O at the top and ending with the number 9. Normally the indieating-column X of each way comprises ten tally-pieces B, one for each decimal from 1 to (Wand an additional tally-piece B in the column opposite the scale, which tally-piece B is the tenth in the column and completes or restores the full height of the column (in a decimal system) up to the shelf 9:, as is obvious from the description already made. N ormally, also, there is a working piece B resting on each of the sliding shelves 4, as already mentioned. Now, for example, suppose it is desired to add together the values eight and nine of the first or units column, which is of the cents denomination. By first manipulating the key mechanism in a manner corresponding in value to eight the devices are set into operation as desired by means of mechanism still to be described, whereby the first or units column is moved, diminished, or lowered to the extent of eight tally-pieces B, including the zero tally-piece B, and at the same time eight tally-pieces are forced up in the rear way 0 and over through the arched way f and run down into the upper part of the same way a and are caught and held temporarily upon the tally-piece B on the sliding shelf i of said way. After this is done the key mechanism is operated correspondingly to the value nine, whereupon the indicating-column in the way is completely emptied and nine tall y-pieces are similarly carried over at the upper part of the way, as before. The indicating-column is thus moved, diminished, or lowered to the extent of seventeen (eight plus nine) tally-pieces, and the top of the column is a distance below the maximum reading of the scale equal to seven tally-pieces. On the next forward movement of the handle J the eleventh tally-piece B of the upper accumulating-column above the shelf iis pinched or caught by the plug Z, as already explained, and there now being ten tally-pieces below this pinched piece and seven tally-pieces above it said ten tally-pieces are dropped into that portion of the way 0 appropriated to the indicating-col umn X by the in ward movement of the shelf 1:, which occurs simultaneously with the pinching of the working base (tally-piece B of the upper column. On the backward stroke of the handle J the plug 1 releases the tally-piece B which it has been pinching, and said tally-piece with the seven tallypieces above it are dropped upon the now protrud- 

